过去进行时时态:when和while区别精选
过去进行时,表示过去在某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作。在英语时态中,“时“指动作发生的时间,”态“指动作的样子和状态。以下是小编为大家整理的过去进行时时态:when和while区别,希望能够帮助到大家。
过去进行时时态:when和while区别
1.while和when引导的时间状语从句主句用一般时(一般过去时)从句用进行时(过去进行).while引导的从句要加延续性动词,而when 延续和短暂性动词都可以,所以when有包含while ,while可以用when替换。
2. 另外,when和while的区别还在于:while引导的时间状语从句多用进行时态,而when引导的时间状语从句多用一般时态。
While they were talking , the bell rang.
正在他们谈话的时候,上课铃响了。
I was doing my homework when my mother came back home yesterday evening.
昨天晚上妈妈回家的时候,我正在做家庭作业。
3. when是at or during the time that, 既指时间点,也可指一段时间,while是during the time that,只指一段时间,因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词,而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。
They were sweeping the floor when the teacher came in.
老师进来时(这一时刻),他们在擦地板。
While they were sweeping the floor,the teacher came in.
他们正擦地板时(这段时间),老师进来了。
4. when 说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时,也可以是先后发生;while 则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生。例如:
They were singing while we were dancing.
5. 如果从句和主句的动作同时发生,两句都用过去进行时的时候,多用while引导,例如:
I am cooking while Jane is practicing.
我在做饭的.时候简正在练习。
当此句改变主从句的位置时,则用when引导。
When the teacher came in,we were talking.
6.when和while 还可作并列连词。when表“在那时”;while表示“而,却”,表对照关系。如:
The children were running to move the bag of rice when they heard the sound of a motor bike.
孩子们正要跑过去搬开那袋米,这时他们听到了摩托车的声音。
He is strong while his brother is weak.
他长得很结实,而他弟弟却很瘦弱。
具体概念
一、 概念和用法:过去进行时。
表示过去在某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作或状态。其形式为 主语+was /were + 动词的现在分词。常与表示过去的时间状语连用,如:last night,last Saturday,yesterday等;或者与when,while,as引导的过去时间状语连用。在英语时态中,“时“指动作发生的时间,”态“指动作的样子和状态。例如:We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么?时间段
二、 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。如:What was she doing at nine o‘clock yesterday? 昨天晚上九点她正在做什么? (介词短语表示时间点) When I saw him he was decorating his room. 当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。(when从句表示时间点)
三、 在复合句中,如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的,那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如:While he was waiting for the bus,he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报。(两个动作都是延续的) He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行)
四、 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有:agree,be动词,believe,belong,care,forget,hate,have(拥有),hear,know,like,love,mean,mind,notice,own,remember,seem,suppose,understand,want,wish等。静态动词 暂时性动词 同样也不能用过去进行时。
例如:错误:I was knowing the answer.
正确:I knew the answer. 我知道答案。
错误:I wasn‘t understanding him.
正确:I didn‘t understand him. 我不明白他的意思。
结构组成
1. 过去进行时由“主语+was/were + doing”构成
eg: We were having supper when the phone rang. 我们正在吃晚饭时电话响了。
2. 过去进行时的否定式由“主语+was/were not +doing”构成
基本用法
1、过去进行时的基本用法主要表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。
例:He fell asleep when he was reading. 他看书时睡着了。
2. 用过去进行时表示现在主要是为了使语气委婉、客气。
例:I was wondering if you can give me a lift. 我不知你能否让我搭一下车。
一般过去时也有类似用法,但比较而言,用过去进行时显得更客气,更加不肯定。
3.过去进行时表示感情色彩与现在进行时相似,过去进行时也可表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩,也通常与 always,forever,continually等副词连用。
如:They were always quarrelling. 他们老是吵架。
4.动词be的过去进行时也可表示过去一时的表现或暂时的状态。
比较:He was friendly. 他很友好。(过去长期如此)
He was being friendly. 他当时显得很友好。(指当时一时的表现)
补充:when 的后面加一般过去时,而且动词是短暂性动词。
while 的后面加过去进行时,动词是延续性动词同省同留。
eg: This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV. He was repairing his bike. 昨天这个时候,杰克不是在看电视,而是在修理自行车。
3. 过去进行时的疑问式由“was/were +主语+doing”组成
eg: Were you playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午四点你们在打篮球吗?
句型
肯定句:主语+was/were+v-ing+其他
否定句:主语+was/were+not+v-ing+其他
一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+v-ing+其它
答语:Yes,主语+was/were.或No,主语+wasn't/weren’t.
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句+其他
例句
1、We were having supper when the phone rang. 我们正在吃晚饭时,电话响了
2、This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV. 昨天这个时候杰克没看电视。
3、He was repairing his bike.他在修理自行车。
4、When/While we were having supper, the light went out. 我们正在吃饭时,灯熄灭了。
5、While we were talking, the teacher came in. 当我们正在谈话时,老师进来了。
6、While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报。
7、He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他擦车时,我正在做饭。
8、Tom was getting up at six o’clock every day that week. 汤姆那一周里每天都是六点钟起床。
9、She was reading book at this time yesterday.她昨天这个时间正在看书。
特殊用法
1、当句子意思很清楚时,我们也可以把两个动词都换成一般过去时
例:We listened carefully when the teacher read the text. 老师读课文时,我们都仔细地听着。
2、表示按计划、安排过去将要发生的事。用于come,go,leave,start,arrive等表示位置转移的动词时,也可以用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。
例:He told me(that)he was going soon. 他告诉我他很快就要走了。
3、表示故事发生的背景。
例:It was snowing as the medical team made its way to the front. 那支医疗小组往前线行进时,天正下雪。
4、表示一个新的动作刚刚开始,可用来引出一个新的动作。
例:Five minutes later,he stood in the doorway smoking a cigarette. 5分钟后,他已站在门口抽着烟。
5、过去进行时还可以和when结构遥相呼应,含有意外之意。
例:I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。
6、用来陈述原因或用作借口。
例:She went to the doctor yesterday. She was having a lot of trouble with her heart.她昨天去看病了。她患了很严重的心脏病。
7、与always,constantly等词连用,表示感情色彩。
例:The girl was always changing her mind. 这女孩老是改变主意。
8、用在状语中。
例:He felt asleep when he was reading. 当他阅读时,他睡着了。